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. Black spot disease (BSD), Chitinolytic bacterial disease, Shell disease, Brown spot disease, Burned spot disease, Rust disease. Scientific name or taxonomic affiliation Chitinolytic bacteria (Gram negative rods) including Vibrio spp. (=Benekea spp.), Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Spirillum, spp. and Flavobacterium spp. Geographic distribution Ubiquitous, especially evident on shrimp held in long term captivity/culture. Host species Numerous species of wild and cultured marine and freshwater shrimps, also lobsters, and many species of crabs and crayfish. Impact on the host The exoskeleton becomes pitted, eroded, and melanized at the site of infection. Diagnostic techniques Gross Observations: Erosion of chitin demarked by dark brown to black pigmentation demonstrates chitinolysis. Histology: Progressive necrosis, inflammation and subsequent melanization of the body surface and appendages. Culture: Culture lesion on marine agar. Test isolated bacteria for chitinolytic activity in saline solution with thin chitin strips. Methods of Control No known treatment. Shell disease can be managed in captive and cultured populations by reducing crowding, wound avoidance, proper husbandry, and system hygiene. .

. HEALTH MANAGEMENT & DISEASE CONTROL INDEX Variables to be used in health evaluation Health evaluation tests Wet Mount Procedure . PL visual examination . Stress test for post larva . Gill examination . Mid-gut Examination . Stomach Contents Analysis Shrimp Diseases Viruses Hepatopancreatic parvo-like virus (HPV) . Reo-like virus (REO) . Lymphoid organ vacuolization virus (LOVV) . Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) . Rhabdovirus of Penaeid Shrimp (RPS) . White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) . Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic virus (IHHNV) . Baculovirus penaei (BP) Bacterial Diseases Vibriosis . Epicommensal fouling disease (filementous bacteria) . Necrotizing Hepatopancreatitis (NHP) . You are here . Mycobacteriosis Fungal Diseases Larval mycosis . Fusariosis Protozoans Haplosporidia . Gregarines . Cotton Disease Other Black Gill Disease (BGD) Dissolved Oxygen Crisis Nitrogen Gas Bubble Disease Disease control Decreasing density, partial or early harvests . Drugs, chemicals and treatments . Sanitation .